@article {19_MOTL_BRANDE_ARRAY UWB,
	title = {UWB four elements antenna array},
	journal = {Microwave and Optical Technology Letters},
	volume = {61},
	number = {5},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {1284-1294},
	abstract = {Abstract In this work, a planar UWB four elements antenna array with and without notch filter is designed. The feeding system of the array is an UWB four branch multiple segment power divider/combiner. Each branch has a three segments impedance transformer. Measurements show that the array works well within the band 3.1 to 10.6 with S11 lower than -10 dB. It is shown that the maximum gain varies with the operating frequency having a value of 8 to 12.3 dB and that it is higher than the gain of the single element.},
	keywords = {antenna array, notch filters, ultra-wideband antennas},
	doi = {10.1002/mop.31664},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/mop.31664},
	author = {B T Ahmed and J L Masa-Campos and D Brande-Hern{\'a}ndez}
}
@article {18_IJEC_BAZIL_MIMO,
	title = {(3.1{\textendash}20) GHz MIMO antennas},
	journal = {AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications},
	volume = {94},
	year = {2018},
	month = {september},
	pages = {348-358},
	abstract = {In this paper, a super-wideband (SWB) printed monopole antenna has been designed and manufactured. The measured frequency band in terms of reflection coefficient is from 3.1 to 20 GHz under a -10 dB criteria, thanks to the inclusion of a taper impedance adapter. This single antenna has been used to implement and analyze several MIMO antenna configurations, where the isolation between the compounding elements has been checked and optimized to improve the Envelope Correlation Coefficient. Two elements MIMO configurations (parallel ports or orthogonal diversity), as well as four element MIMO antennas with parallel ports are presented. Non continuous ground planes of the MIMO antenna elements with the inclusion of L shaped thin strips are proposed as valid structures to significantly improve the side by side mutual coupling from an initial peak value of 15 dB to better than 24 dB within the entire frequency band. In all the presented MIMO antenna structures, the measured values demonstrate good performance up to 20 GHz, both in reflection and isolation. Nevertheless, the influence of the mutual coupling effects has been checked as more significant in the lower part of the frequency band, especially in the 4 element MIMO configuration. The inclusion of the L shaped strips in the ground plane significantly mitigates this effect. Although the antennas have only been measured up to 20 GHz (upper frequency limit of the laboratory Vector Network Analyzer), simulations show satisfactory antennas{\textquoteright} performance up to 50 GHz.},
	keywords = {MIMO antenna, Polarization diversity MIMO antenna, SWB antenna},
	issn = {1434-8411},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeue.2018.07.026},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1434841118310823},
	author = {B T Ahmed and P Sanchez-Olivares and J L Masa-Campos and F Moreno-Vazquez}
}
@article {22_materialsPIER-M,
	title = {Material{\textquoteright}s Insertion Loss at 2.4, 3.3 and 5.5 GHz Bands},
	journal = {PIER-M: Progress in Electromagnetics Research M},
	volume = {30},
	year = {2013},
	month = {Mar.},
	pages = {1-10},
	abstract = {The insertion loss of different materials is measured at 2.4, 3.3 and 5.5 GHz bands. Directive antennas with a nominal gain of 19 dB are used in the measurement campaign. The height of the antennas has been selected to have the minimum possible reflection from around surfaces. Metallic door with porthole window, metallic grid, glass window, human beings and tree{\textquoteright}s insertion loss are measured. The metallic grid presents a band pass filter function with a resonance frequency between 3.2 to 3.3 GHz. Other materials have an insertion loss that increases with the increment of the operating frequency.},
	issn = {1937-8726},
	doi = {10.2528/PIERM13022803},
	url = {http://www.jpier.org/PIERM/pierm30/01.13022803.pdf},
	author = {B Taha-Ahmed and I {\'A}lvarez-Calvo and J L Masa-Campos}
}
@article {23_materialsPIER-L,
	title = {Material{\textquoteright}s Insertion Loss in Three Frequency Bands},
	journal = {PIER-L: Progress in Electromagnetics Research Letters},
	volume = {39},
	year = {2013},
	month = {Apr.},
	pages = {199-205},
	abstract = {The insertion loss of different materials is measured at 2.4, 3.3 and 5.5 GHz bands. Directive antennas with a nominal gain of 19 dB are used in the measurement campaign. The height of the antennas has been selected to have the minimum possible reflection from around surfaces. Thick concrete wall, thick concrete column and tree{\textquoteright}s insertion loss are measured. It is noticed that the insertion loss increases with the increment of the operating frequency. For tress, the insertion loss for the leafless tress is 6 to 10 dB lower than the deciduous trees.},
	issn = {1937-6480},
	doi = {10.2528/PIERL13040906},
	url = {http://www.jpier.org/PIERL/pierl39/20.13040906.pdf},
	author = {B Taha-Ahmed and I {\'A}lvarez-Calvo and J L Masa-Campos}
}
@article {10_COMNET_AhmedMasa-CamposRuiz-Cruz_ImpactUWBonWiMax2p5and3p5,
	title = {Impact of Ultra Wide Band Emission on WiMAX Systems at 2.5 and 3.5 GHz},
	journal = {Computer Networks},
	volume = {54},
	number = {10},
	year = {2010},
	month = {January},
	pages = {1573-1583},
	abstract = {In this work, results of an analytical analysis to assess the effect of Ultra Wide Band (UWB) emissions on the Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access system (WiMAX) are presented. The WiMAX range is evaluated with and without the UWB interference. Free space propagation model is used to calculate the UWB signal power that interferes with WiMAX systems. It is shown that, for the case of single UWB transmitter, WiMAX system can easily tolerate UWB interference when the UWB EIRP is -83 dBm/MHz or less for a distance between the UWB transmitter and the WiMAX receiver of 1 m or higher at 3.5 GHz frequency in order to have only 5\% range reduction. To make this possible, multi band UWB should not transmit in the first and the second bands. This will have a detrimental effect on UWB technology. For 2.5 GHz WiMAX, the range reduction will be 5\% when the UWB EIRP is -87 dBm/MHz.},
	issn = {1389-1286},
	doi = {10.1016/j.comnet.2009.12.010},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1389128610000058},
	author = {Ahmed, B T and J L Masa-Campos and J A Ruiz-Cruz}
}
@article {09-WT-B-WCDMADownlinkCapacity,
	title = {Downlink capacity and interference statistics of wideband code division multiple access microcells for trains in long tunnels},
	journal = {Communications, IET},
	volume = {3},
	number = {4},
	year = {2009},
	month = {April},
	pages = {603-609},
	keywords = {broadband networks, code division multiple access, downlink capacity, interference (signal), interference statistics, multipath interference, statistical analysis, tunnel cigar-shaped microcell, tunnels, underground communication, wideband code division multiple access},
	issn = {1751-8628},
	doi = {10.1049/iet-com.2008.0356},
	author = {Ahmed, B T and Ramon, M C}
}
@conference {09_IMS_MongeRuiz-CruzAnzaEtAl_HighPowerDualMode,
	title = {High Power analysis and design of dual-mode channel filters},
	booktitle = {2009 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest},
	year = {2009},
	month = {June},
	pages = {1353-1356},
	abstract = {In this paper, we present two dual-mode channel filter topologies which are able to withstand more than 600 W in Ku-Band. The two different designs (one with elliptical cavities and the other one with rectangular cavities) implement the same transfer function: four order, elliptical response centered in 12GHz, with 40MHz bandwidth and two transmission zeros. It is shown that the critical dimensions for the power-handling of these filters are the dimensions of the input-output irises. In fact, in order to rigorously obtain these conclusions and to reach these high-power levels (including margins), it is essential to use the advanced numerical techniques described in the paper to predict the multipactor effect. Moreover, the standard approach for multipactor onset prediction based on computing the voltage inside the component is shown to be too conservative and difficult to apply to many practical filter configurations.},
	issn = {0149-645X},
	doi = {0.1109/MWSYM.2009.5165956},
	url = {http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=\&arnumber=5165956\&isnumber=5165586},
	author = {Monge, J and J A Ruiz-Cruz and Anza, S and Vicente, C and Zaki, K A and Montejo-Garai, J R and Rebollar, J M and Gil, J and Gimeno, B., and Boria, V E}
}
@conference {09-WT-B-HAPs,
	title = {WiMAX in high altitude platforms (HAPs) communications over large cities},
	booktitle = {Systems, Signals and Devices, 2009. SSD {\textquoteright}09. 6th International Multi-Conference on},
	year = {2009},
	month = {March},
	pages = {1-4},
	keywords = {antenna boresight separation, Antennas, Cities and towns, Costs, Downlink, Electronic mail, HAPs, high altitude stratospheric platforms, large-city high-altitude platform communication, MAN, Metropolitan area networks, OFDM, Physical layer, rain effect, Satellite broadcasting, Signal-to-noise ratio, Telecommunication standards, WiMAX, wireless metropolitan area network},
	doi = {10.1109/SSD.2009.4956681},
	author = {Ahmed, B T and Ramon, M C}
}
@article {08-WT-B-ImpactofUWB,
	title = {On the Impact of Ultra-Wideband (UWB) on Macrocell Downlink of UMTS and CDMA-450 Systems},
	journal = {Electromagnetic Compatibility, IEEE Transactions on},
	volume = {50},
	number = {2},
	year = {2008},
	month = {May},
	pages = {406-412},
	keywords = {3G mobile communication, CDMA-450 system, cellular radio, code division multiple access, code division multiple access system, Code division multiple access systems (CDMA-450), Degradation, Downlink, FCC, free-space propagation model, Interference, macrocell downlink, Macrocell networks, macrocell normalized capacity, macrocell normalized range, Radio frequency, radio links, Radio spectrum management, Radio transmitters, ultra wideband communication, ultra wideband emission, Ultra wideband technology, ultra-wideband (UWB), UMTS, Universal Mobile Telecommunication System, universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS), UWB equivalent isotropically radiated power, UWB interference tolerance},
	issn = {0018-9375},
	doi = {10.1109/TEMC.2008.919033},
	author = {Ahmed, B T and Ramon, M C}
}
@conference {07_IMS_ZhangZakiRuiz-CruzEtAl_AnalyticalSynthesisof,
	title = {Analytical Synthesis of Generalized Multi-band Microwave Filters},
	booktitle = {2007 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest},
	year = {2007},
	month = {June},
	pages = {1273-1276},
	abstract = {An analytical procedure is presented for the synthesis of generalized multi-band filters. The procedure is applicable to both symmetric and asymmetric frequency responses and effective for any number of passbands and stopbands. An optimum equal-ripple performance is obtained in each passband and stopband. Prescribed real or complex transmission zeros can also be employed in the multi-band filtering function.},
	keywords = {band-pass filters, band-stop filters, generalized multiband microwave filters, microwave filtersfrequency responses, optimum equal-ripple performance, passbands, stopbands},
	issn = {0149-645X},
	doi = {10.1109/MWSYM.2007.380425},
	url = {http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/4263706/4263707/04264064.pdf?tp=\&isnumber=\&arnumber=4264064},
	author = {Zhang, Y and Zaki, K A and J A Ruiz-Cruz and Atia, A E}
}
@article {07-WT-B-MultiserviceWCDMAUplinkCapacity,
	title = {W-CDMA multi-service uplink capacity and interference statistics of a long-tunnel cigar-shaped microcells},
	journal = {Communications, IET},
	volume = {1},
	number = {4},
	year = {2007},
	month = {August},
	pages = {726-731},
	keywords = {antenna azimuth side lobe levels, code division multiple access, interference statistics, long-tunnel cigar-shaped microcells, microcellular radio, multiservice uplink capacity, power control standard deviation error, radiofrequency interference, W-CDMA},
	issn = {1751-8628},
	doi = {10.1049/iet-com:20060455},
	author = {Ahmed, B T}
}
@conference {06-WT-B-UMTSHSDPA,
	title = {On High Altitude Platforms (HAPs) UMTS-HSDPA},
	booktitle = {Wireless Technology, 2006. The 9th European Conference on},
	year = {2006},
	month = {Sept},
	pages = {223-226},
	keywords = {3G mobile communication, 64QAM, Antenna measurements, Artificial satellites, Downlink, Gain measurement, HAP, HAPs, high altitude stratospheric platforms, high altitudes platform, high speed downlink packet access, HSDPA, MIMO, Multiaccess communication, packet radio networks, Power control, Power measurement, QPSK, quadrature amplitude modulation, quadrature phase shift keying, radio access networks, Satellite broadcasting, UMTS, UMTS HSDPA, Universal Mobile Telecommunication System, W-CDMA},
	doi = {10.1109/ECWT.2006.280476},
	author = {Ahmed, B T}
}
@conference {06-WT-B-ImpactofUWBonIS-136System,
	title = {On the Impact of Ultra Wide Band (UWB) System on Macrocell Downlink of IS-136 Systems},
	booktitle = {Wireless Communication Systems, 2006. ISWCS {\textquoteright}06. 3rd International Symposium on},
	year = {2006},
	month = {Sept},
	pages = {645-649},
	keywords = {cellular radio, Downlink, FCC, free space propagation model, Interference, IS-136, IS-136 mobile systems, macrocell downlink, Macrocell networks, Macrocell range, radio links, Radio spectrum management, radiofrequency interference, Space technology, Telecommunication standards, Time division multiple access, ultra wide band system, ultra wideband communication, Ultra wideband technology, UWB, UWB interference},
	doi = {10.1109/ISWCS.2006.4362380},
	author = {Ahmed, B T and Ramon, M C and Ariet, L H}
}
@conference {06-WT-B-UMTS-HSDPAusingHAPs,
	title = {On the UMTS-HSDPA in High Altitude Platforms (HAPs) Communications},
	booktitle = {Wireless Communication Systems, 2006. ISWCS {\textquoteright}06. 3rd International Symposium on},
	year = {2006},
	month = {Sept},
	pages = {704-708},
	keywords = {3G mobile communication, Artificial satellites, Carrier-to-interference ratio, Downlink, fully loaded rural cells, HAP communications, HAPs, high altitude platforms communications, high altitude stratospheric platforms, high speed downlink packet access, HSDPA, MIMO, Modulation coding, Multiaccess communication, Power control, QAM, QPSK modulation schemes, quadrature amplitude modulation, quadrature phase shift keying, Satellite broadcasting, UMTS, UMTS-HSDPA, W-CDMA, Wireless communication},
	doi = {10.1109/ISWCS.2006.4362392},
	author = {Ahmed, B T and Ramon, M C and Ariet, L H}
}
@conference {06-WT-B-WiMAX,
	title = {WiMAX in High Altitude Platforms (HAPs) Communications},
	booktitle = {Wireless Technology, 2006. The 9th European Conference on},
	year = {2006},
	month = {Sept},
	pages = {245-248},
	keywords = {7 cells network, antenna boresight separation, Artificial satellites, cellular radio, Downlink, HAP communication, HAPs, high altitude platform, high altitude stratospheric platforms, Metropolitan area networks, Physical layer, power level transmission, Satellite broadcasting, Signal to noise ratio, Signal-to-noise ratio, Telecommunication standards, transmitting antennas, WiMAX, Wireless communication},
	doi = {10.1109/ECWT.2006.280482},
	author = {Ahmed, B T}
}
@conference {04-WT-B-LeoSatellite,
	title = {LEO satellite W-CDMA downlink pole capacity},
	booktitle = {Wireless Technology, 2004. 7th European Conference on},
	year = {2004},
	month = {Oct},
	pages = {173-176},
	keywords = {3G mobile communication, Artificial satellites, Downlink, Interference, Low earth orbit satellites, Multiaccess communication, Phased arrays, Power control, Power system modeling, Satellite broadcasting},
	author = {Ahmed, B T and Ramon, M C and Ariet, L H}
}
@conference {03-WT-B-StreetWCDMASystem,
	title = {On the capacity and interference statistics of street W-CDMA cross-shaped micro cells in Manhattan environment (uplink analysis)},
	booktitle = {Vehicular Technology Conference, 2003. VTC 2003-Spring. The 57th IEEE Semiannual},
	volume = {1},
	year = {2003},
	month = {April},
	pages = {107-111 vol.1},
	keywords = {base station antenna pattern, Base stations, broadband networks, code division multiple access, cross-shaped microcells, Geometry, Interference, interference statistics, Manhattan environment, microcellular radio, mobile antennas, Multiaccess communication, Power control, radiofrequency interference, receiving antennas, sector capacity, sector ranges, side lobe level, statistical analysis, Statistics, Telecommunications, two slope propagation model, uplink analysis, WCDMA},
	issn = {1090-3038},
	doi = {10.1109/VETECS.2003.1207512},
	author = {Ahmed, B T and Ramon, M C and de Haro y Ariet, L}
}
@conference {03-WT-B-Air-GroundWCDMA,
	title = {On the capacity of air-ground W-CDMA system (downlink analysis)},
	booktitle = {Vehicular Technology Conference, 2003. VTC 2003-Spring. The 57th IEEE Semiannual},
	volume = {1},
	year = {2003},
	month = {April},
	pages = {103-106 vol.1},
	keywords = {3-D cellular systems, aeronautical mobile radio communication, air-ground WCDMA system, Aircraft, aircraft communication, aircraft height, Base stations, broadband networks, cell radius, cellular like network, cellular radio, code division multiple access, Computer vision, Downlink, downlink capacity analysis, Interference, Land mobile radio, Mobile communication, Multiaccess communication, Propagation losses, radiofrequency interference, Telecommunication standards},
	issn = {1090-3038},
	doi = {10.1109/VETECS.2003.1207511},
	author = {Ahmed, B T and Ramon, M C and de Haro Ariet, L}
}
@article {03-WT-B-Propagation,
	title = {Comments on the hybrid model for propagation loss prediction in tunnels},
	journal = {Antennas and Propagation Magazine, IEEE},
	volume = {45},
	number = {5},
	year = {2003},
	month = {Oct},
	pages = {156-158},
	keywords = {Attenuation, Electromagnetic modeling, electromagnetic propagation, Electromagnetic waveguides, Electronic mail, Frequency, hybrid model, Microcell networks, microcellular radio, Predictive models, propagation loss prediction, Propagation losses, specific attenuation factor, Telecommunications, tunnels, UHF radio propagation, waveguide model, waveguide theory},
	issn = {1045-9243},
	doi = {10.1109/MAP.2003.1252819},
	author = {Ahmed, B T and Ramon, M C and de Haro Ariet, L}
}
@conference {03-WT-B-Air-HAPWCDMASystem,
	title = {Quasi-optimum downlink power control of high altitude platform W-CDMA system},
	booktitle = {Vehicular Technology Conference, 2003. VTC 2003-Spring. The 57th IEEE Semiannual},
	volume = {4},
	year = {2003},
	month = {April},
	pages = {2476-2479 vol.4},
	keywords = {3G mobile communication, aircraft communication, Base stations, broadband networks, cellular radio, cellular system, code division multiple access, Downlink, Geometrical optics, high altitude platform station, Interference, Multiaccess communication, Phased arrays, Power control, Power system modeling, quasioptimum downlink power control, radio links, telecommunication control, Telecommunication standards, third generation IMT-2000 service, WCDMA system, wideband code division multiple access, Wireless communication},
	issn = {1090-3038},
	doi = {10.1109/VETECS.2003.1208836},
	author = {Ahmed, B T and Ramon, M C and Ariet, L H}
}
@article {02-WT-B-WCDMAUplinkCapacity,
	title = {Capacity and interference statistics of highways W-CDMA cigar-shaped microcells (uplink analysis)},
	journal = {Communications Letters, IEEE},
	volume = {6},
	number = {5},
	year = {2002},
	month = {May},
	pages = {172-174},
	keywords = {Base stations, broadband networks, channel capacity, code division multiple access, highways W-CDMA cigar-shaped microcells, Interference, interference statistics, interference variance, Microcell networks, microcellular radio, mobile antennas, Multiaccess communication, multiuser channels, perfect power control, Power control, propagation exponent, radio links, radio networks, radiofrequency interference, radiowave propagation, Road transportation, rural zones, Shadow mapping, statistical analysis, Statistics, two-slope propagation model, uplink analysis},
	issn = {1089-7798},
	doi = {10.1109/4234.1001654},
	author = {Ahmed, B T and Calvo Ramon, M and de Haro Ariet, L}
}
@conference {02-WT-B-Capacityofair-groundW-CDMAsystem(uplinkanalysis,
	title = {The capacity of air-ground W-CDMA system (uplink analysis)},
	booktitle = {Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, 2002. The 13th IEEE International Symposium on},
	volume = {1},
	year = {2002},
	month = {Sept},
	pages = {335-338 vol.1},
	keywords = {air-ground W-CDMA system, Aircraft, Base stations, cell height, cell radius, cellular like network, cellular radio, channel capacity, code division multiple access, Computer networks, Computer vision, Electronic mail, Interference, Mobile communication, Multiaccess communication, multiuser channels, Propagation losses, radio links, Telecommunication standards, uplink analysis, uplink capacity, W-CDMA 3D air-to-ground network},
	doi = {10.1109/PIMRC.2002.1046717},
	author = {Ahmed, B T and Ramon, M C and de Haro y Ariet, L}
}
@conference {02-WT-B-N-CDMA,
	title = {The overlay of intelligent FDSS system on N-CDMA system},
	booktitle = {Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, 2002. The 13th IEEE International Symposium on},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2002},
	month = {Sept},
	pages = {774-778 vol.2},
	keywords = {144 kbit/s, 9.6 kbit/s, Base stations, capacity gain, carrier to interference ratio, channel capacity, CIR, code division multiple access, Code division multiplexing, diversity reception, Downlink, Frequency diversity, frequency diversity spread spectrum system, Frequency estimation, imperfect power control, intelligent FDSS system, Intelligent systems, Interference, mobile radio, N-CDMA system, Narrowband, narrowband code division multiplexing access system, Power control, spread spectrum communication, telecommunication control, unilocated base stations, uplink},
	doi = {10.1109/PIMRC.2002.1047327},
	author = {Ahmed, B T and Ramn, M C and de Haro Ariet, L}
}
@conference {02-WT-B-FDSSSystems,
	title = {Partial overlay of intelligent FDSS on microwave point to point link using subchannel suppression, downlink analysis of the FDSS system},
	booktitle = {Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, 2002. The 13th IEEE International Symposium on},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2002},
	month = {Sept},
	pages = {770-773 vol.2},
	keywords = {Base stations, Binary phase shift keying, cells, cellular radio, Directive antennas, diversity reception, Downlink, downlink analysis, downlink capacity, frequency diversity spread spectrum system, intelligent FDSS, intelligent system, Interference, Microwave antennas, microwave links, microwave point to point link, overlay parameters, partial overlay, performance, receiving antennas, spread spectrum communication, subchannel suppression, Telecommunication standards, transmitting antennas},
	doi = {10.1109/PIMRC.2002.1047326},
	author = {Ahmed, B T and Ramon, M C and de Hao Ariet, L}
}
